Pipe Standing Wave End Conditions

Using the Calculator

  • Choose end conditions of pipe or string
  • Enter speed of sound
  • Enter length of pipe or string

Learn about Resonance

Learn about Fundamental Frequencies

More Tools

Equations

End Conditions Same Different
Fundamental Frequency f=\frac{c}{2L} f=\frac{c}{4L}
Harmonic Multiples Even (2f, 4f, 6f . . .) Odd (3f, 5f, 7f . . .)
This calculator uses the equations in the table to calculate the fundamental frequency. Remember that real-life results may vary from ideal models.